The Ethics Of Enron Scandal - 1017 Words

The Dilemma Often an ethical dilemma does not appear abruptly but can rather be the proverbial slow boiling of a frog as they say. Enron was an economic powerhouse in the early to late 90’s. Its financial success was due to a great understanding of the opportunities available in the energy market due to deregulation across the country. The company was founded on sound financial principles which turned to illegal recklessness over time. Key personnel succumbed to unethical pressures which built up slowly over time. Since the public’s trust of professionals in the accounting industry is paramount to society (Mastracchio et. al. 2015) this paper will discuss the ethics not exhibited in the Enron scandal which came to a head in 2001. History In 1985 Houston Natural Gas merged with Internorth and renamed itself Enron. In 1990 Jeffrey Skilling was hired to focus on trading in commodities. Skilling later becomes the president of Enron in 1997. Andrew S. Fastow is named as Enron’s financial chief in 1998. According to the New York Times Fastow created partnerships which the company claimed were to buy company assets which were not performing very well. We now have come to realize that these partnerships were instituted in order to conceal the company’s debt and give an image of overinflated profits to the public (2006). In 2000 through 2000 there was shuffling around of key leadership. Skilling resigned citing personal reasons only. Six days later Sherron Watkins approaches CEOShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The Enron Scandal1441 Words   |  6 Pages The definition of ethics is living one s life according to right or wrong behavior both towards others and themselves (Ghillyer, 2014). How a person derived to their beliefs of right or wrong is a direct reflection of several factors such as; family upbringing, and religious dynamics. Each of these characteristics plays a major role in the direct choices a person will make in their day to day lives. While some people can stand by their personal beliefs regardless of the situation, there areRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Enron Scandal1902 Words   |  8 Pages Ethical Scrapbook In the three excerpts that will be discussed in this report there is a theme. That theme is ethics or the lack there of. What all three of these cases have in common is that people were willing to trade in their reputations, their livelihood and in some cases their personal freedom to get what they wanted. In two of the examples, the prize they sought was money, pure and simply a case of greed. Importantly, these people already had significant wealth, and they were willing toRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Enron Scandal861 Words   |  4 Pagesfiled for bankruptcy. Enron, a seemingly invulnerable company would eventually provoke sweeping changes in regulation that controls the management and accounting of public companies even to this day. The Enron scandal has come to be known as one of the prime audit failures of all time and serves as a classic example of corporate greed and corruption. However, for the generation that watched in horror as corporations such as Enron fell along with t he stock market, this scandal is slowly becoming justRead MoreBusiness Ethics : Enron Scandal1951 Words   |  8 PagesBusiness ethics have been the central concern of all corporations in operating business. Enron scandal was the highlighted case representing the dramatic violation of business ethics with the involvement of misusing power to conduct unethical missteps to gain self-interest, resulting in a collapse of the whole organization. This report is aimed at assessing Enron case to provide better understanding of its rise and fall through the background of the company’s formation and bankruptcy as well as applyingRead MoreEthics in Accounting1196 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Accounting By Pace University – New York Accounting for Decision Making, MBA 640 Fall 2011 Required Research Paper Page 1 of 11 Table of Contents Number Content Page Number 1 Introduction 3 2 Ethics in Accounting 4 3 Enron Scandal 6 4 Satyam Scandal 8 5 Conclusion 10 6 References 11 Page 2 of 11 Introduction †¢ What is â€Å"Ethics†? Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that addresses questionsRead MoreEthics Standards And The Field Of Accounting950 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional ethics are an absolute necessity in the field of accounting. Businesses rely on accountants to accurately report their financial information and give sound advise and consultation in regards to their business. There are standards and rules set in place to ensure that ethics and information is reported accurately. Laws and repercussions are created place to deter unethical and illegal accounting practices, although it still occurs in the business world on many levels. The field ofRead MoreWhat I Learned from Studying the Rise and Fall of Enron693 Words   |  3 Pagesand no need for regulations. But this is not an ideal world and these problems happen every day. The business world is not exempt from this problem. Many businesses rely on ethics to help guide their company successfully. Our textbook Business Ethics: How to Design and Manage Ethical Organizations Denis Collins defines ethics as, â€Å"the set of principles a person uses to determine whether an action is good or bad† (5). All over the world there are businesses that take part in unethical behavior forRead MoreJaclyn Givens. Kathy Osburn. Management 101. 5/8/17. The1400 Words   |  6 PagesJaclyn Givens Kathy Osburn Management 101 5/8/17 The Enron Era â€Å"Just as character matters in people, it matters in organizations,† says Justin Schultz, a corporate psychologist in Denver. The Enron scandal had a big exposure in 2001 confirming the big secret to the increase in billions. In July 1985, Enron formed the merger of Houston Natural Gas and Omaha-based Inter North. The Enron corporation was an American energy company based in Houston Texas. The corporation’s catastrophe in 2001 signifiesRead MoreEnron Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Causes and Effects of the Enron Accounting Scandals Name: Do Minh Tam Class: MEP 100 Lecture: Karen Bird Date: December 24, 2010 Introduction Background From the 1980s until now, there have been a lot of accounting scandals which were widely announced on by media. The result of this situation is many companies were bankruptcy protection requests, and closing. One of the most widely reported emulation of accounting scandals is Enron Company. Enron Corporation is one of the largestRead MoreEnron and Worldcom Case Study1225 Words   |  5 PagesEnron and WorldCom Case Study This report is based on the demise of Enron Corporation and WorldCom. Both the firms are demised due to the ethical lapses. These ethical lapses come into existence when managements of the firm, uses unethical practices to accomplish the goals of the firm. Maintaining financial and accounting standards in the business practices are necessary. The profession of accounting has become a mockery due to the accounting scandals that took place all over the world in the

Eating Disorders Eating Disorder - 1205 Words

Eating Disorders in Today’s World Eating disorders are alive and well in today’s world and they are a major problem. An eating disorder can look like a few different things, ranging from a severe reduction of food intake to over eating to feelings of negativity towards your body shape or weight (Lehigh University). While some disorders can only be found in specific age groups, races, etc., eating disorders can be found amongst all and it does not necessarily have to be pointed towards food (Lehigh University). In fact, the four areas primarily affect eating disorders: psychological, interpersonal, social, and biological. I am going to talk about three specific eating disorders: anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). Keep in mind that there could be other eating disorders out there that are not found and classified just yet (Lehigh University). Describe the Problem Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder How Common are Eating Disorders? There are so many statistics regarding eating disorders. In general, there are about 30 million men and women who have some type of eating disorder and only about 1 out of 10 men and women will receive some treatment for their disorder. Because of this, it is no surprise that eating disorders have the highest mortality rate out of all the mental illnesses (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, 2015). The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa andShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1184 Words   |  5 Pagesas an eating disorder. Weir (2016) goes on to explain the origins behind eating disorders in individuals. This topic is important because, in the United States, many women and men suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder at some point in their life. It is important to know the influences that cause an individual to experience an eating disorder. Genetically, or environmentally, or both genetically and environmentally. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are eatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1573 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects people called an â€Å"eating disorder.† Why did you choose this topic? I chose this topic because it is a very prevalent issue in our society today, and a close friend of mine is suffering from an eating disorder. What question(s) did you want to answer or what was your hypothesis regarding this topic? As mammals, there is no chance of escaping the need to consume food in everyday life. However, when it comes to food there can be a major concern of eating too much or eating too little. Doing eitherRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1906 Words   |  8 Pagesobtain their body goal, thus causing an eating disorder. An eating disorder is a psychological condition that is characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits. There are three types of eating disorders; which are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating.These disorders affect all aspects of a person’s life, including their psychological, emotional, and physical health. There are many factors that contribute to individuals developing eating disorders including: genetics, family pressuresRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1104 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorder is a serious problem happens in both men and women. Eating disorder is a sort of disease in which a person is having a st range routine of eating like consuming a huge amount of food each time they eat. This can incorporate not eating enough nourishment or indulging. Eating disorder influence many people around the world. The larger part of peoples who are dealing with this issue are ladies. A person with eating disorder issue may focus nonsensically on their weight and shape. EatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1410 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"An eating disorder is about anxiety and control and healing from trauma and food and weight are just the tools of destruction† (Floyd, Mimms, Yelding, 2008). An eating disorder is defined as a severe disturbance in eating behavior. An eating disorder, as defined by our text book for class, is psychological disturbances that lead to certain physiological changes and serious health complications. The three most common and most easily identifiable forms of eating disorders include anorexia nervosaRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder 966 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Many people, both women and men of all ages, suffer from the psychological disorder, eating. Up to thirty million people in the world suffer from some kind of an eating disorder. There a two types of eating disorders, anorexia and bulimia, and have several methods of treatment. What is an eating disorder, and what do they cause? Eating disorders are maladaptive and very serious interruptions in eating. They can come in the form of overeating, or not eating enough, they are oftenRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1031 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The eating disorder is a very jealous and abusive partner. It requires a lot of devotion in the extent that you have to devote yourself to tending to the anorexia. There s not a lot of time left over for adult life,† was stated by Dr. Doug Bunnell, a specialist in eating disorders. Eating disorders effect a variety of people. Age, race, and gender aren’t role playing keys in eating disorders. Not everyone gets an eating disorder, but if they do then, it will more than likely destroy their livesRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder2461 Words   |  10 PagesEating Disorders Even though eating disorders are less prevalent in society today than they have been in the past, they are still one of the most diagnosed mental illnesses today. These three illnesses have short term as well as long term effects that can leave a damaging toll on the patients’ lives and are very hard to overcome. This is shown through not only the characteristics of Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-eating Disease, but also through the psychological and physical harm theseRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1496 Words   |  6 PagesAn eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amount of food, but as some point, the urge to eat less or more has gotten out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eat ing disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and a binge-eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder Essay771 Words   |  4 Pagesabout you. Benji I suspect you have an eating disorder.in particular, anorexia. An eating disorder is a psychological disorder that interferes with peoples eating habits. Eating disorders falls under the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder category. Eating disorders are more prevalent in women than in men. Over 10 million women and 10 million men suffer from an eating disorder. But, Anorexia Nervosa is more common among Caucasians. Eating disorders impacts women everyday by inaccurately depicting

I, Rigoberta Menchu free essay sample

An examination of the Guatemalan story I, Rigoberta Menchu by anthropologist Elisabeth Burgos-Debray. This paper explores anthropologist Elisabeth Burgos-Debray description of the Guatemalan women, Rigoberta Menchu , who describes her Indian peasant life to the author. The paper exhibits the relationship between life and the larger political struggles taking place across Guatemala and Latin America as a whole. It also describes the Civil war in this country and the persecution of Rigoberta Menchu s family by the national security forces. The Indians constitute the majority in Guatemala, which differentiates their situation from that of most countries in Latin America where the Indians are a minority without even the most elementary rights. Still, a white minority has the power in Guatemala, and it seems likely that the fact that the majority Indians are divided into 22 different ethnic groups may have contributed to their largely powerless position in their society. Rigoberta wishes to change this situation, and this one woman is not fighting for a mythical Indian past but is instead seeking to play a part in the shaping of contemporary history (Burgos-Debray, 1983), xiii). We will write a custom essay sample on I, Rigoberta Menchu or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The world into which this woman was born is a world where the people live in a subsistence economy, working the land for others and moving from place to place as they follow the work through the seasons. This is also a world at war, with Guatemala in the grips of a civil war for more than 30 years. This war affected Rigoberta directly as her father, mother, and younger brother were tortured and killed by the Guatemalan security forces that have been persecuting the peasantry.

Sexual Development and Orientation Paper

Table of Contents Introduction Sexual Development Hormones and Sexuality Environmental and Sexual Orientation Conclusion References Introduction The study of sexual development and orientation has attracted much attention in the field of psychology due to the emergence of aberrant sexual orientations like gay, lesbian, asexual, and bisexual predilections. Psychological study on the forces underlying sexual development and orientations has led to the formulation of diverse theories ranging from biological to the environmental. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sexual Development and Orientation Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Hammack (2005), â€Å"†¦sexual orientation continues to be intellectually fragmented along disciplinary lines, primarily due to the divergent epistemological, methodological, and meta-theoretical perspectives† (p.267). The divergent perspectives to gether with the transformation of society significantly change the sexual orientations of gays, lesbians, and bisexuals because the current society recognizes their rights more than in the past. Many psychological theories regarding sexual development hold that human nature and nurture are the two main factors that determine sexuality in an individual. Therefore, what are the biological and environmental factors that determine sexual development and orientation in human? Sexual Development Sexual development involves organizational and activational stages of differentiation that occur during pregnancy and adolescence respectively. At birth, primary sexual characteristics differentiate gender due to difference in external and internal sex organs. â€Å"All these structural differences result from a system of ducts, which release hormones, which in turn affect internal structures, which are stimulated to differentiate into characteristically male or female organs† (Hall, 1998, p. 1). When a baby is born, the gonads are undifferentiated but after about four months, sexual differentiation begins to occur in the gonads. In males, gonads differentiate into testes while in females gonads differentiate into ovaries. This differentiation completes the development of primary sexual characteristics. The testes and ovaries are the sex organs that are responsible for the productions of hormones that determine the secondary sexual characteristics in adolescence. The differentiation of gonads during early childhood forms the basis of development of the secondary sexual characteristics during adolescence.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More During early childhood, the sexual process of sexual development is latent due to lack of hormonal expressions essential for the development of secondary sexual characteristics. The sexual development characteristics become e vident at the ages between 11-13 for girls and 12-14 for boys. This is an activational stage in sexual development since activation of hormones occurs. Hall argues that, â€Å"†¦at adolescence, a series of events takes place referred to as the activational effects of hormones, which result in secondary sex characteristics and process begins in the hypothalamus, which affects the pituitary gland, testes and ovaries† (1998, p.3). Activation of hormones occurs in a cascading manner where stimulation of the hypothalamus leads to the secretion of gonadtropic releasing hormone, which in turn stimulates pituitary gland to release gonadtropic hormone. Gonadotropic hormone then acts on the ovaries and testes simulating them to release estrogen and testosterone respectively. The two hormones, estrogen, and testosterone are responsible for the maturation of the secondary sexual characteristics during adolescence. Hormones and Sexuality Hormonal effects during adolescence are res ponsible for development of sexual orientations such as homosexuals, heterosexuals, asexual and bisexuals. Normal secondary sexual characteristics in male are deepening of voice, broadening of shoulders and experiences of wet dreams. On the other hand, female secondary sexual characteristics involve widening of hips, experiences of menstruation and enlargement of breasts. The different orientations of the secondary sexual characteristics are due differing hormonal levels. The two primary hormones that determine the orientation of secondary sexual characteristics are estrogens and testosterones, which are female and male hormones respectively. â€Å"Sex hormones have direct influence on the physiology and morphology that is why male and female bodies are differently shaped and work somewhat differently at a biological level† (Rogers, 2000, p.25). Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sexual Development and Orientation Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This explains the secondary sexual characteristics that occur differentially at puberty. In addition to estrogen, females have extra hormones like progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone that are involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle until menopause. The physiology of the brain seems to have sexual orientation due to the differing hormonal effects. Even though there are other morphological and biological differences between the male brain and the female brain, the hormonal interaction with the brain gives a physiological difference. The ability of the testosterone, which is a male sexual hormone, to enter into the brain and the inability of the estrogen not to enter into the brain provides physiological difference of the brains. Rogers (2000) explains that, â€Å"although estrogen is produced by the females’ ovaries in the development, it never gets into the brain, because it binds with the alpha-fetoprotein and as a result cannot pass into the brain† (p.26). Unlike estrogen in females, testosterone in males cannot bind to the alpha-fetoprotein and it readily enters into the brain and undergoes aromatization process, which converts it into estrogen thus activating the medial preoptic area in the brain. The activation of the medial preoptic area of the brain in males and inactivation in females makes difference in physiological and morphological aspects of the brain. Environmental and Sexual Orientation Evolutionary psychologists supports that environmental factors play a role in sexual development and sexual orientations. Hammack argues that, â€Å"sexual lifestyles are the culturally specific erotic ideas and emotions that constitute the life-course development within a particular sexual culture, which control sexual behavior and conduct† (2005, p. 275). Therefore, cultural environments have the potential to influence sexual development a nd orientations, depending on cultural sexual lifestyles embraced by the society. Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, recognition of homosexuals’ rights in the United States of America has tremendously increased the number of homosexuals, proving that sexual lifestyles in the cultural environment have significant effect on the sexual orientation of the individual members in the society. In the family level, research studies has shown that children who experience tough parenting times such as divorced parents, separated parents or missed parental love are more likely to become homosexuals in future. Numerous research studies have found out that, â€Å"there is substantive evidence to supporting that the nature of parenting, early childhood experiences, sexual abuse, or other adverse life play significant role in the formation of a person’s fundamental heterosexual or homosexual orientation† (Hammack, 2005, p. 277). There is a strong correlation between intact or stable families with the heterosexual marriages of the kids. Hence, family is a microenvironment that im poses primary influence on the sexual orientation of the kids. Conclusion Sexual development and orientation has puzzled many psychologists and biologists in the light of emerging aberrant sexual orientations such as lesbianism, gay, bisexual, or asexual. Despite the fact that biological studies clearly stipulate sexual orientations, the understanding of the deviant sexual orientations demands psychological studies in order to shed more light concerning psychological aspect of these ‘abnormalities.’ Many research studies have attributed anomalies of sexual orientations to genetic, hormonal, cultural, and social factors, which act together in determination of sexual orientations. References Hall, R. (1998). Sexual Development. Developmental Psychology Journal, 1-10. Hammack, P. (2005). The Life Course Development of Human Sexual Orientation: An Integrated Paradigm. The Human Development, 48. 267-290 Rogers, W. (2000). The Psychology of Gender and Sexuality. Buckingham: Open University Press. This research paper on Sexual Development and Orientation Paper was written and submitted by user Arturo Lara to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.